English“Gary Rayner” infiltrated animal rights groups in Oxford. He also attended an event in Norway. He attended meetings and demonstrations, and helped organize events. During the first two years of his infiltration, he lived with a woman who was likely also a police officer.
He was identified because:
- After several infiltrators were identified in the United Kingdom starting in 2011, activists realized he fit the profile of an infiltrator.
- After he vanished, activists failed to find him in official documents, such as electoral registers.
Mark Kennedy infiltrated many environmentalist, anti-capitalist, and anarchist groups in the United Kingdom and abroad. He participated in demonstrations, actions, and other events in Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Italy, Ireland, Poland, Spain, and the United States. He worked for the police as part of the undercover police unit National Public Order Intelligence Unit. In 2010, he also worked for a security company. He first infiltrated a social center in Nottingham, United Kingdom, before moving on to other groups. He had credit cards, bank accounts, a passport, and a driver's license under his fake name. On one occasion, he introduced two people he claimed were his childhood friends to his roommates, and who were in fact likely other undercover police officers. On one occasion, he used a modified watch to record his targets' conversations. He had many romantic and sexual relationships with his targets, including one that lasted six years.
His targets were unaware that he was married and had children under his real identity. He was identified because:
- One day, his long-term partner found his real passport under the name “Mark Kennedy,” as well as emails indicating that he had children.
- His long-term partner and other activists then found evidence of his real identity:
- Electoral records for his birth year did not include an entry for “Mark Stone” but did include an entry for a “Mark Kennedy” who was married.
- A genealogy website included an entry for a “Mark John Kennedy” who was listed as being married and having children.
- The birth certificate of the son of “Mark Kennedy” listed the father's occupation as police officer.
- The birth certificate of “Mark Kennedy” listed the father's occupation as police officer, despite his claims that his father was an accountant.
- The marriage certificate of “Mark Kennedy” listed his occupation as police officer.
- When confronted with evidence, he admitted to being an infiltrator.
Matthew Gibbons infiltrated anti-fascist demonstrations in the United Kingdom. He worked for the police.
“Marco Jacobs” infiltrated anarchist and anti-globalization groups in the United Kingdom, including in Brighton and Cardiff. He also attended a demonstration in Germany and a meeting in Poland. He was part of the undercover police unit National Public Order Intelligence Unit. He participated in meetings, demonstrations and actions. He had sexual relationships with one of his targets for a few weeks.
Toby Kendall infiltrated groups in the United Kingdom, including the environmentalist group Plane Stupid. He worked for the security company C2-i International. He attended meetings and participated in civil disobedience actions.
He was identified because:
- He exhibited suspicious behavior, such as always arriving first to meetings, always pushing for direct action, and dressing too well.
- His name did not appear on the electoral register of the city he claimed to live in, nor in the records of the sports team he claimed to have played for.
- In an attempt to confirm that he was an infiltrator, activists gave him false information, and the information ended up in the press.
- Activists showed his picture to someone at the university where he claimed to have studied, and the person recognized him and provided his real name.
- An Internet search using his real name revealed that he worked for C2-i International.
“Lynn Watson” infiltrated environmentalist and anti-war groups in the United Kingdom, including a social center in Leeds. She was part of the undercover police unit National Public Order Intelligence Unit. She attended and helped organize demonstrations and other events. On one occasion, she introduced to other activists a man who she claimed was her boyfriend, and who was in fact likely another undercover police officer. Although she did not have sustained romantic or sexual relationships with her targets, she did have sex with one of her targets on at least one occasion.
She was identified because:
- She exhibited suspicious behavior, such as displaying a poster in her house that was more radical than her apparent beliefs, always keeping one room in her house locked, and preferring to sleep in hotels rather than in friends' spare rooms.
- Activists were unable to verify her claims that her family lived in Farnborough and that her first and second boyfriends were a locksmith from Northampton and a photographer from Coventry, respectively.
- After being identified himself, the infiltrator Mark Kennedy confirmed that she was an infiltrator.
- When confronted with evidence, the police confirmed to journalists that she was an infiltrator.
Paul Mercer infltrated environmentalist and anti-war groups in the United Kingdom. He worked for security companies, including for the security company LigneDeux Associates on behalf of the arms manufacturer BAE Systems. He attended and helped organize demonstrations and actions.
Adrian David Radford infiltrated gay rights and animal rights groups in the United Kingdom. He worked for security companies. He attended protests and may have participated in actions.
“Simon Wellings” infiltrated anti-globalization and anarchist groups in the United Kingdom, including Globalise Resistance and “Dissent!” He also attended demonstrations in France, Spain, Switzerland, and the United States. He was part of the undercover police unit Special Demonstration Squad. He attended meetings and participated in events and demonstrations.
He was identified in 2004 after he accidentally left a voicemail on another activist's phone in which he spoke with police officers. He was expelled from Globalise Resistance but the identification was not made public, and he continued to infiltrate other groups until 2007.
“Rob Harrison” infiltrated left-wing and anarchist groups in London, including social centers. He also attended a demonstration in Germany. He was part of the undercover police unit Special Demonstration Squad. He attended meetings and demonstrations and organized events. He had sexual relationships with one of his targets.
In 2018, an official inquiry into undercover police operations revealed that he had been an infiltrator.
“Dave Jones” carried out two infiltrations. First, in 2001, as part of the undercover police unit National Public Order Intelligence Unit, he infiltrated an anarchist group in the United Kingdom. Then, from 2005 to 2007, as part of the undercover police unit Special Demonstration Squad and under the same cover identity, he infiltrated environmentalist groups and social centers in London. He attended meetings and demonstrations and participated in actions.
In 2018, an official inquiry into undercover police operations revealed that he had been an infiltrator.
Edward Nicholas Gratwick infiltrated environmentalist and animal rights groups in the United Kingdom. He also attended a protest in the Czech Republic. He worked for the security company Verify. From 1995 to 2003, he worked on behalf of the police, and then he worked on behalf of private companies. He participated in and helped organize many demonstrations, events, and actions. On many occasions, the police seemingly disrupted or prevented actions based on information he provided. On one occasion, he accused another activist of being an infiltrator. He had a sexual relationship with one of his targets.
He was identified because:
- He exhibited suspicious behavior. For example, in 2003, he requested to be named as a defendant in a civil court case against activists, presumably to gain access to their legal strategy. This was considered suspicious because activists would not normally want to be named as defendants as this would expose them to fines or other negative consequences.
- In 2004 or 2005, an activist revealed that a “well-placed contact within the security industry” had claimed that Gratwick was an infiltrator working for the security company Verify.
- In 2015, an activist learned that, in 2002, former infiltrator Jim Boyling had claimed that Gratwick was an infiltrator.
- In 2016, a company was founded at the address where the security company Verify had been based. The company listed two directors: Gratwick and the son of the founders of Verify.
- In 2025, he was accused of child sexual offenses. During the trial, as part of his legal defense strategy, he admitted that he had been an infiltrator.
Carlo Soracchi infiltrated a Trotskyist political party and anti-fascist groups in the United Kingdom. He also attended an event in Italy. He was part of the undercover police unit Special Demonstration Squad. He attended meetings and demonstrations. He had a passport under his fake name but no credit card. He had romantic and sexual relationships with two of his targets.
He was identified because:
- After several infiltrators were identified in the United Kingdom starting in 2011, activists realized he fit the profile of an infiltrator. In particular, no one had met his family, he tended to disappear for long periods of time, and he had completely vanished in 2006.
- Toward the end of his infiltration, he started a relationship with a woman who wasn't politically active. Activists discovered that a “Carlo Soracchi” had registered at the woman's address and found a document indicating that “Carlo Soracchi” was a police officer.
- During his infiltration, he showed an activist a photo album with pictures of his real family. Activists found these same pictures on social media associated with the name “Carlo Soracchi.”
“Ritchie Clark” infiltrated animal rights groups in the United Kingdom, including Bedford Animal Action. He also attended demonstrations in Germany and Norway. He attended meetings and demonstrations, participated in actions, and regularly held information booths about animal rights. On one occasion, he accused an activist of being a spy and demanded that they be evicted from a meeting.
He was identified because:
- After several infiltrators were identified in the United Kingdom starting in 2011, activists realized he fit the profile of an infiltrator. In particular, he completely vanished in 2006.
- Activists failed to find him in Norway, the country he claimed he was moving to before vanishing.
- In 2024, an official inquiry into undercover police operations confirmed that he was an infiltrator.
“Jason Bishop” infiltrated environmentalist and anarchist groups in London. He was part of the undercover police unit Special Demonstration Squad. He attended meetings and helped organize demonstrations and actions. He shared an apartment with another infiltrator, “Dave Evans”.
“Jackie Anderson” infiltrated environmentalist and anarchist groups in the United Kingdom. She was part of the undercover police unit Special Demonstration Squad.
In 2018, an official inquiry into undercover police operations revealed that she had been an infiltrator.
“Dave Evans” infiltrated a Trotskyist political party and animal rights groups in London. He was part of the undercover police unit Special Demonstration Squad. He shared an apartment with another infiltrator, “Jason Bishop”.
In 2018, an official inquiry into undercover police operations revealed that he had been an infiltrator.
Martin Hogbin infiltrated the activist group Campaign Against Arms Trade (CAAT). He worked for the security company Threat Response International on behalf of the arms manufacturer BAE Systems. He participated in demonstrations and helped organize events. He gathered information on activists that was then provided to BAE Systems. He carried out the infiltration under his real identity.
He was identified because:
- In 2003, journalists published an article claiming that CAAT had been infiltrated from 1995 to 1997.
- After the article was published, in an attempt to discover potential infiltrators, CAAT activists analyzed the emails sent from the group's office in 2002 and 2003. They found that Martin Hogbin had sent numerous emails containing sensitive internal information to a suspicious email address.
- When confronted with this fact, Martin Hogbin did not provide a plausible explanation for why he had sent the emails.
“Rod Richardson” infiltrated anarchist, anti-fascist, and animal rights groups in the United Kingdom. He also attended meetings and demonstrations in the Czech Republic, France, Italy, the Netherlands, and Sweden. He was part of the undercover police unit National Public Order Intelligence Unit. He attended meetings and participated in actions. On a few occasions, he introduced to activists a woman he claimed was his partner, and who was in fact likely another police officer. He used the name and date of birth of a real baby who had died two days after birth, presumably to facilitate administrative processes related to his cover identity.
He was identified because:
- After several infiltrators were identified in the United Kingdom starting in 2011, activists realized he fit the profile of an infiltrator. In particular, he completely vanished in 2003.
- Activists found a birth certificate with his name and date of birth, as well as a death certificate with the same name dated two days later, indicating that he was using the identity of a deceased baby.
James Thomson infiltrated animal rights groups in the United Kingdom, including Croydon Hunt Saboteurs. He also attended a demonstration in the Netherlands. He was part of the undercover police unit Special Demonstration Squad. He attended demonstrations and participated in actions. He was in a romantic and sexual relationship with one of his targets.
In 2018, an official inquiry into undercover police operations revealed that he had been an infiltrator.
“Dave Hagan” infiltrated anti-racist and anarchist groups in London. He was part of the undercover police unit Special Demonstration Squad.
In 2018, an official inquiry into undercover police operations revealed that he had been an infiltrator.
Mark Jenner infiltrated anti-fascist and other left-wing groups in the United Kingdom. He was part of the undercover police unit Special Demonstration Squad. He attended meetings and participated in demonstrations and actions. He was in a romantic and sexual relationship with one of his targets for five years and lived with her for four of those years.
Jim Boyling infiltrated environmentalist groups in the United Kingdom, including the anti-globalization group Reclaim the Streets. He was part of the undercover police unit Special Demonstration Squad. He attended and helped organize demonstrations. On one occasion, he was arrested and prosecuted under his cover identity for his participation in a civil disobedience action (he was acquitted). He had sexual relationships with three of his targets.
